Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has issued a fresh call for greater openness and verifiability in the technologies shaping modern life, warning that societies unwilling to adapt could lose both competitiveness and sovereignty. In an essay published on September 24, Buterin stated that the internet has fully transitioned into “real life,” affecting everything from communication and finance to healthcare, governance, and, in time, even the human mind through brain-computer interfaces.